Doctor of the Church (Lat.
docere, to
teach) is a theologian from whose teachings the whole
Christian Church is held to have derived great advantage
and to whom "eminent learning" and "great sanctity" have
been attributed by a proclamation of the Pope or of an
ecumenical council. This honor is given rarely, only
posthumously, and only after canonization or
beatification. No ecumenical council has yet exercised
the prerogative of proclaiming a Doctor of the Church.
Ambrose, Augustine, Jerome, and Pope Gregory I were the
original Doctors of the Church and were named in 1298.